What term describes the maximum amount of water vapor that can be absorbed in the atmosphere under current conditions?

The correct term for describing the maximum amount of water vapor that can be absorbed in the atmosphere under current conditions is relative humidity. This measurement relates to how saturated the air is with moisture compared to the amount it could hold at a specific temperature. When relative humidity is at 100%, the air is fully saturated, meaning it cannot hold any more water vapor.

Dew point temperature refers to the temperature at which air becomes saturated and water vapor begins to condense into liquid. Wet-bulb temperature is a measure used in meteorology and HVAC to indicate the cooling potential of evaporation, but it does not directly represent the maximum capacity of moisture that air can hold. Dry-bulb temperature simply measures air temperature without accounting for humidity. Thus, relative humidity is the most appropriate term to describe the maximum absorption of water vapor under given atmospheric conditions.